Core clew: Russia's first level of higher
education in the world, including the higher education of the per capita total
95% of the adult. There are all kinds of university of more than 700, more than
700 professional disciplines. There are nearly 800 scientific research
institutions also undertake the task the education (bachelor's, master's and
doctoral).
In Russia's history were culture
education is very backward country. Russia
before the October revolution, Russia's
national illiteracy in adult residents accounted for more than 70% of the total
population, and in some frontier illiteracy rates higher, such as Siberia
illiteracy rate is 84% ~ 88%, Russia
93% of rural women is the man who is illiterate, greatly lagged behind the
average level in the world at that time.
After decades of hard work, many strong
measures, Russia
has completely changed the face of the backward education, education is very
developed as a country, it is a brilliant and amazing.
As early as the 30 s, Russia was basically
wiped out illiteracy, and popularized the elementary education, literacy among
9 ~ 49, 1939 (87.4%), the number of In 1952, basically universal 7 year
compulsory education; In the early 70 s, popularized the eight years of
education; From 80 s to now, Russia is trying to make ten one-year compulsory
education. In today's Russia
is 9 ~ 49, residents in the literacy rate is 99.92%, out of every one thousand
residents over the age of 10, 860 people with advanced or secondary education.
In Britain there are more
than one hundred illiterate, accounted for 2.3% of its population, America is
still around 10% (21 million) adult basic not reading and writing ability.
On the other hand, the national economy of Russia
practitioners with higher and secondary education at 87%, among them with
higher education is 11.8%. In addition, women's culture and education level had
the very big enhancement, such as the 1939 in every thousand women with higher and secondary
education only 90 people, and now increased to 680 people, among them with
higher education increased from 5 to 86 the number of people. And the number of
employed women with higher education from 1939 per one thousand people in 9
people, has increased to 122 people, almost equal with men. At present, the
Russian girls more than boys in higher schools, the ratio of 9. In secondary
specialized schools, a greater proportion of girls. Russia in a quarter of young
families, the wife of the cultural level higher than that of her husband, this
is often the cause of divorce.
Due to the rapid development of education,
national quality in Russia
also have greatly improved accordingly, Russia's comeback in the future
become a huge potential driving force.
The education system of Russia
Russia's national education includes
pre-school education, regular secondary education, vocational and technical
education and secondary vocational education and higher education.
Implementation of vocational and technical
education has three: (1) the vocational and technical schools, to enroll is not
complete secondary school graduates, and length of 1 ~ 2 years, and train
workers engaged in the most simple work; (2) the secondary vocational and
technical schools, recruit not complete secondary school graduates, length of 3
~ 4 years, cultivate highly skilled skills workers, at the same time receive
complete secondary education. In recent years, the first school is gradually
replaced by the second school; (3) technical school, recruit full secondary
school graduates, length of 1 ~ 2 years, training workers and primary
technicians have complex skills. In addition, in order to improve the skill
level of on-the-job workers, also has a part-time vocational schools, the
length of 3 ~ 4 years. Secondary vocational technical school curriculum in
general is: accounted for 40% of total hours of ordinary education,
professional education accounted for 20%, production technology training
accounted for 40%. Run by professional 1100 kinds, in order to meet the needs
of the various sectors of national economy production. 10% of graduates of
excellent graduates to allow you to directly enter oneself for an examination
of institutions of higher learning, other students have to work three years to
enter oneself for an examination.
Secondary vocational education with
secondary technical schools, secondary specialized schools and other schools,
cultivating specialized talents with secondary vocational education degree,
recruit not complete secondary school graduates, length of 3 ~ 4 years.
Students receive professional education while studying the ordinary high school
education curriculum. If the students have finished secondary education, the
length of schooling is 2 ~ 3 years. Night school and correspondence schools
generally extend for one year.
Higher education has a university, college
and other institutions of higher learning, main task is to cultivate advanced
professional theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Institutions of higher
learning by education and education at night in the day and correspondence
education (full-time). Period of schooling for 5 ~ 6 years, community and
correspondence to extend for one year. Day school, night school and correspondence
using essentially the same teaching plan, graduates enjoy equal treatment.
Night education and correspondence education has always been a Russian
development the important way of higher education, not the 50 s to 60 s, night
school students and part-time (correspondence over day school number, after the
fall. Currently, evening student and part-time (correspondence still accounts
for about 40% of the total number of students of higher education. Day school
recruited under the age of 35, with full secondary level education of youth,
and eve dumplings and correspondence is not restricted by age. Admissions
method mainly through the test, also can be an exemption or only part of the
subject (depending on the specific situation), graduated from the university
need to through the national examination and graduation thesis (design), will
be awarded certificate of graduation.
Graduate students also belong to the
category of higher education. Graduate students by institutions of higher
learning or scientific research agency set by the graduate division, the length
of 3 years, not only learning the length of 4 years, after basic course exam
paper, and the sciences degree through a dissertation, at present, the
cultivation of graduate students about 900 institutions, more than 300 high
schools, graduate student population of about 70000 people, which is not
accounted for about 60% of full-time study.
In today's Russia, doctoral degree does not
belong to the category of higher education. Ph.D. must successful achievement
in the work, has deep research on professional knowledge and through doctoral
dissertation, by the nation's highest academic degree evaluation committee
decided to award.
Study in Russia's prospects
Russia has a long history and rich cultural
heritage, is a education nation to world civilization. Russia's first level of
higher education in the world, including the higher education of the per capita
total 95% of the adult. There are all kinds of university of more than 700, more
than 700 professional disciplines. There are nearly 800 scientific research
institutions also undertake the task the education (bachelor's, master's and
doctoral). According to the department of education in our country is
introduced its strengths include: mathematics, physics, chemistry, medicine,
education, aviation, spaceflight, navigation, nuclear power, military industry,
optical precision machinery, etc.
Russia's science and technology is very
developed, especially in the military industry, aerospace, navigation based on
scientific research, medicine, is a world power, and because the basic science
developed, some projects even if temporarily, but the catch is easy. Such as
computer network technology than our country starting late, but now the world
all know peterborough, students' ability in this respect. Russia has many
advanced science and technology and education project is the world leading
level, and many are only unique American or British law, and many countries,
including some western developed countries don't have. There are some is also
slightly inferior in the United States. Such as optical, aerospace projects of
aerodynamics and aerospace technology in some areas, nuclear energy, basic
science, etc. It should be said that Russia is a didn't play their own ability
but the economic potential of science and technology great countries.
To analyze from the view of development of
study in Russia, will find that it is a shortcut to life on its own
development, is a sensible has a vision of life. It is more and more students
and parents know.
First, Russia is still a promising nation.
After vladimir putin, Russia's economy started to recover, the police quickly
turned for the better.
Second, two state-owned huge need of the
communication. Due to the efforts of the government, the two countries trade
status between China and Russia is rapidly improving, study abroad talent is
growing demand for graduation, with improved further in the next few years the
Russian economy and rapidly expand all-round cooperation between the two
countries, and does not adapt to the domestic lack of Russian education
seriously, and Russia is a big country, has a long border with China, the
economy has a strong complementary to wait for a reason. Can expect two or
three years, talent QueDang will quickly appear in this respect, and in the
future ten years is quite a long time for the graduates will be in short supply
situation.
Third, due to the internationalization of
education background, high degree of professionalism and to master Russian and
British language (while in college, in the second language is English, because
Russian students English is good, communication opportunity, in the students
English level is generally higher than domestic), than the domestic university
graduates only master a foreign most English people will have better job
prospects. Or with the help of Russian development in Russia in terms of employment, or
turn to the European and American developed countries with knowledge in a shot.
In addition, study in Russia's
diploma value as stock is same as Russia's economic recovery and a
new powerful will rising in the job market.
